A1 Refereed original research article in a scientific journal
Enhanced neural mechanisms of set shifting in musically trained adolescents and young adults: converging fMRI, EEG, and behavioral evidence
Authors: Saarikivi Katri, Chan TM Vanessa, Huotilainen Minna, Tervaniemi Mari, Putkinen Vesa
Publisher: OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC
Publication year: 2023
Journal: Cerebral Cortex
Journal name in source: CEREBRAL CORTEX
Journal acronym: CEREB CORTEX
Number of pages: 13
ISSN: 1047-3211
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/cercor/bhad034
Self-archived copy’s web address: https://research.utu.fi/converis/portal/detail/Publication/179378568
Musically trained individuals have been found to outperform untrained peers in various tasks for executive functions. Here, we present longitudinal behavioral results and cross-sectional, event-related potential (ERP), and fMRI results on the maturation of executive functions in musically trained and untrained children and adolescents. The results indicate that in school-age, the musically trained children performed faster in a test for set shifting, but by late adolescence, these group differences had virtually disappeared. However, in the fMRI experiment, the musically trained adolescents showed less activity in frontal, parietal, and occipital areas of the dorsal attention network and the cerebellum during the set-shifting task than untrained peers. Also, the P3b responses of musically trained participants to incongruent target stimuli in a task for set shifting showed a more posterior scalp distribution than control group participants' responses. Together these results suggest that the musician advantage in executive functions is more pronounced at an earlier age than in late adolescence. However, it is still reflected as more efficient recruitment of neural resources in set-shifting tasks, and distinct scalp topography of ERPs related to updating and working memory after childhood.
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