A4 Refereed article in a conference publication
An Approach to the Frugal Use of Human Annotators to Scale up Auto-coding for Text Classification Tasks
Authors: Chen Li'An, Suominen Hanna
Editors: Afshin Rahimi, William Lane, Guido Zuccon
Conference name: Australasian Language Technology Association Workshop
Publisher: Association for Computational Linguistics (ACL)
Publication year: 2021
Journal: Proceedings of the Australasian Language Technology Workshop
Book title : Proceedings of the 19th Workshop of the Australasian Language Technology Association
Journal name in source: ALTA 2021 - Proceedings of the 19th Workshop of the Australasian Language Technology Association
Series title: Proceedings of the australasian language technology workshop
First page : 12
Last page: 21
eISSN: 1834-7037
Web address : https://aclanthology.org/2021.alta-1.2/
Self-archived copy’s web address: https://research.utu.fi/converis/portal/detail/Publication/178631603
Human annotation for establishing the training data is often a very costly process in natural language processing (NLP) tasks, which has led to frugal NLP approaches becoming an important research topic. Many research teams struggle to complete projects with limited funding, labor, and computational resources. Driven by the Move-Step analytic framework theorized in the applied linguistics field, our study offers a rigorous approach to the frugal use of two human annotators to scale up autocoding for text classification tasks. We applied the Linear Support Vector Machine algorithm to text classification of a job ad corpus. Our Cohen’s Kappa for inter-rater agreement and Area Under the Curve (AUC) values reached averages of 0.76 and 0.80, respectively. The calculated time consumption for our human training process was 36 days. The results indicated that even the strategic and frugal use of only two human annotators could enable the efficient training of classifiers with reasonably good performance. This study does not aim to provide generalizability of the results. Rather, it is proposed that the annotation strategies arising from this study be considered by our readers only if they are fit for one’s specific research purposes.
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