A1 Refereed original research article in a scientific journal
Contextuality and Informational Redundancy
Authors: Dzhafarov Ehtibar N, Kujala Janne V
Publisher: MDPI
Publishing place: Basel
Publication year: 2023
Journal: Entropy
Journal name in source: Entropy (Basel, Switzerland)
Journal acronym: Entropy (Basel)
Article number: 6
Volume: 25
Issue: 1
ISSN: 1099-4300
eISSN: 1099-4300
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/e25010006
Web address : https://doi.org/10.3390/e25010006
Self-archived copy’s web address: https://research.utu.fi/converis/portal/detail/Publication/178535931
Abstract
A noncontextual system of random variables may become contextual if one adds to it a set of new variables, even if each of them is obtained by the same context-wise function of the old variables. This fact follows from the definition of contextuality, and its demonstration is trivial for inconsistently connected systems (i.e., systems with disturbance). However, it also holds for consistently connected (and even strongly consistently connected) systems, provided one acknowledges that if a given property was not measured in a given context, this information can be used in defining functions among the random variables. Moreover, every inconsistently connected system can be presented as a (strongly) consistently connected system with essentially the same contextuality characteristics.
A noncontextual system of random variables may become contextual if one adds to it a set of new variables, even if each of them is obtained by the same context-wise function of the old variables. This fact follows from the definition of contextuality, and its demonstration is trivial for inconsistently connected systems (i.e., systems with disturbance). However, it also holds for consistently connected (and even strongly consistently connected) systems, provided one acknowledges that if a given property was not measured in a given context, this information can be used in defining functions among the random variables. Moreover, every inconsistently connected system can be presented as a (strongly) consistently connected system with essentially the same contextuality characteristics.
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