Background: The aim of this study was to explore the associations between the 10 key indicators of the Global Matrix 4.0 project and human development index ( HDI) at a national level according to sex, age, area of residence, and ability levels.

Methods: Information from the 57 countries/localities included in the Global Matrix 4.0 project was compiled and presented according to the HDI of each country/locality for each of the 10 key indicators. Grades were assigned based on the benchmarks of the Global Matrix 4.0 project ranged between "A+" ( best performance) and " F" (worst performance).

Results: The population subgroups of females, children, rural residents, with/ without disabilities from countries/ localities with higher HDI performed better in the organized sport and physical activity indicator than their peers from countries/localities with lower HDI. Children and adolescents living in rural areas of countries/localities with higher HDI showed better performance for active play, and children and adolescents living in urban areas of countries/ localities with lower HDI showed better performance for the active transportation. Countries/localities with higher HDI showed better grades for sources of influence than the countries/ localities with lower HDI.

Conclusions: Physical activity patterns in some population subgroups of children and adolescents differed according to the development level of countries/localities.