Association between all-cause and cause-specific mortality and the GOLD stages 1-4: A 30-year follow-up among Finnish adults

: Mattila T, Vasankari T, Kanervisto M, Laitinen T, Impivaara O, Rissanen H, Knekt P, Jousilahti P, Saarelainen S, Puukka P, Heliovaara M

Publisher: W B SAUNDERS CO LTD

: 2015

: Respiratory Medicine

: RESPIRATORY MEDICINE

: RESP MED

: 109

: 8

: 1012

: 1018

: 7

: 0954-6111

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rmed.2015.06.002(external)

Conclusions: Airway obstruction indicates an increased risk for all-cause mortality according to the severity of the GOLD stage. We found that even stage 1 carries a risk for cardiovascular death independently of smoking history and other known risk factors. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.