Rami Vainio
Professor
Space physics, solar physics, astrophysics
I am a professor of space physics at the Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Turku, Finland, and the head of Space Research Laboratory (SRL), which performs experimental, theoretical and computational research on high-energy phenomena in near-Earth space. SRL continuously collaborates with several research groups in Finland and abroad and most of our research projects are joint efforts with a large number of researchers working on the same topics. SRL develops instrumentation for detecting energetic charged particles and numerical simulation codes to understand the propagation of charged particles through electromagnetic fields in space.
Solar energetic particles (SEPs). The Sun produces very energetic particles during solar eruptions, i.e., solar flares and coronal mass ejections (CMEs). These outburst of energetic particles are called SEP events or solar particle events. Because they can penetrate thick layers of material, SEPs constitute a severe radiation risk to humans and electronics in space. Together with my research group and collaborators, I study the acceleration of SEPs close to the Sun and their transport in the interplanetary medium to near-Earth space and beyond, as well as the near-Earth radiation environment generated by SEPs.
Shock waves are transitions from supersonic to subsonic flow associated with compression (i.e., increase of density) and dissipation (i.e., conversion of ordered kinetic energy of the flow to random thermal energy). In ordinary gases, shocks have thicknesses of the order of the collisional mean free path of the molecular motion. In dilute space plasmas, binary collisions are too infrequent to account for the dissipation and re-distribution of energy. Instead, collective processes involving fluctuating electromagnetic fields take the role of collisions. Such shocks are termed collisionless shocks. In the absence of binary collisions, collisionless shocks generate energetic particle populations (such as SEPs) and together with my research group and collaborators, I focus on understanding this acceleration process in detail.
Interest areas: Space Physics, Plasma Physics, Astrophysics
Responsibilities: In charge of the Space Physics curriculum in the University of Turku.
Lecturing courses on Mathematical Methods in Physics II (BSc, 5 cp); Space Physics (BSc, 5 cp); Hydrodynamics and Hydromagnetics (MSc, 8 cp); Plasma Astrophysics (MSc, 8cp).
- Properties of an Interplanetary Shock Observed at 0.07 and 0.7 au by Parker Solar Probe and Solar Orbiter (2024) Trotta Domenico, Larosa Andrea, Nicolaou Georgios, Horbury Timothy S., Matteini Lorenzo, Hietala Heli, Blanco-Cano Xochitl, Franci Luca, Chen C. H. K., Zhao Lingling, Zank Gary P., Cohen Christina M. S., Bale Stuart D., Laker Ronan, Fargette Nais, Valentini Francesco, Khotyaintsev Yuri, Kieokaew Rungployphan, Raouafi Nour, Davies Emma, Vainio Rami, Dresing Nina, Kilpua Emilia, Karlsson Tomas, Owen Christopher J., Wimmer-Schweingruber Robert F.
- Properties of Cosmic Deuterons Measured by the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer (2024) Aguilar, M.; Alpat, B.; Ambrosi, G.; Anderson, H.; Arruda, L.; Attig, N.; Bagwell, C.; Barao, F.; Barbanera, M.; Barrin, L.; Bartoloni, A.; Battiston, R.; Bayyari, A.; Belyaev, N.; Bertucci, B.; Bindi, V.; Bollweg, K.; Bolster, J.; Borchiellini, M.; Borgia, B.; Boschini, M. J.; Bourquin, M.; Brugnoni, C.; Burger, J.; Burger, W. J.; Cai, X. D.; Capell, M.; Casaus, J.; Castellini, G.; Cervelli, F.; Chang, Y. H.; Chen, G. M.; Chen, G. R.; Chen, H.; Chen, H. S.; Chen, Y.; Cheng, L.; Chou, H. Y.; Chouridou, S.; Choutko, V.; Chung, C. H.; Clark, C.; Coignet, G.; Consolandi, C.; Contin, A.; Corti, C.; Cui, Z.; Dadzie, K.; D’Angelo, F.; Dass, A.; Delgado, C.; Della Torre, S.; Demirköz, M. B.; Derome, L.; Di Falco, S.; Di Felice, V.; Díaz, C.; Dimiccoli, F.; von Doetinchem, P.; Dong, F.; Donnini, F.; Duranti, M.; Egorov, A.; Eline, A.; Faldi, F.; Fehr, D.; Feng, J.; Fiandrini, E.; Fisher, P.; Formato, V.; Gámez, C.; García-López, R. J.; Gargiulo, C.; Gast, H.; Gervasi, M.; Giovacchini, F.; Gómez-Coral, D. M.; Gong, J.; Grandi, D.; Graziani, M.; Guracho, A. N.; Haino, S.; Han, K. C.; Hashmani, R. K.; He, Z. H.; Heber, B.; Hsieh, T. H.; Hu, J. Y.; Huang, B. W.; Ionica, M.; Incagli, M.; Jia, Yi; Jinchi, H.; Karagöz, G.; Khan, S.; Khiali, B.; Kirn, Th.; Klipfel, A. P.; Kounina, O.; Kounine, A.; Koutsenko, V.; Krasnopevtsev, D.; Kuhlman, A.; Kulemzin, A.; La Vacca, G.; Laudi, E.; Laurenti, G.; LaVecchia, G.; Lazzizzera, I.; Lee, H. T.; Lee, S. C.; Li, H. L.; Li, J. Q.; Li, M.; Li, M.; Li, Q.; Li, Q.; Li, Q. Y.; Li, S.; Li, S. L.; Li, J. H.; Li, Z. H.; Liang, M. J.; Liao, P.; Lin, C. H.; Lippert, T.; Liu, J. H.; Liu, P. C.; Lu, S. Q.; Lu, Y. S.; Luebelsmeyer, K.; Luo, J. Z.; Luo, Q.; Luo, S. D.; Luo, Xi; Mañá, C.; Marín, J.; Marquardt, J.; Martínez, G.; Masi, N.; Maurin, D.; Medvedeva, T.; Menchaca-Rocha, A.; Meng, Q.; Mikhailov, V. V.; Molero, M.; Mott, P.; Mussolin, L.; Jozani, Y. Najafi; Nicolaidis, R.; Nikonov, N.; Nozzoli, F.; Ocampo-Peleteiro, J.; Oliva, A.; Orcinha, M.; Palmonari, F.; Paniccia, M.; Pashnin, A.; Pauluzzi, M.; Pensotti, S.; Pietzcker, P.; Plyaskin, V.; Poluianov, S.; Pridöhl, D.; Qu, Z. Y.; Quadrani, L.; Rancoita, P. G.; Rapin, D.; Conde, A. Reina; Robyn, E.; Rodríguez-García, I.; Romaneehsen, L.; Rossi, F.; Rozhkov, A.; Rozza, D.; Sagdeev, R.; Savin, E.; Schael, S.; Schultz von Dratzig, A.; Schwering, G.; Seo, E. S.; Shan, B. S.; Shukla, A.; Siedenburg, T.; Silvestre, G.; Song, J. W.; Song, X. J.; Sonnabend, R.; Strigari, L.; Su, T.; Sun, Q.; Sun, Z. T.; Tabarroni, L.; Tacconi, M.; Tang, Z. C.; Tian, J.; Tian, Y.; Ting, Samuel C. C.; Ting, S. M.; Tomassetti, N.; Torsti, J.; Urban, T.; Usoskin, I.; Vagelli, V.; Vainio, R.; Valencia-Otero, M.; Valente, E.; Valtonen, E.; Vázquez Acosta, M.; Vecchi, M.; Velasco, M.; Wang, C. X.; Wang, L.; Wang, L. Q.; Wang, N. H.; Wang, Q. L.; Wang, S.; Wang, X.; Wang, Z. M.; Wei, J.; Weng, Z. L.; Wu, H.; Wu, Y.; Wu, Z. B.; Xiao, J. N.; Xiong, R. Q.; Xiong, X. Z.; Xu, W.; Yan, Q.; Yang, H. T.; Yang, Y.; Yelland, A.; Yi, H.; You, Y. H.; Yu, Y. M.; Yu, Z. Q.; Zhang, C.; Zhang, F. Z.; Zhang, J.; Zhang, J. H.; Zhang, Z.; Zhao, P. W.; Zheng, C.; Zheng, Z. M.; Zhuang, H. L.; Zhukov, V.; Zichichi, A.; Zuccon, P.; AMS Collaboration
- The evolution of coronal shock wave properties and their relation with solar energetic particles (2024)
- Astronomy and Astrophysics
Jarry, Manon; Dresing, Nina; Rouillard, Alexis P.; Plotnikov, Illya; Vainio, Rami; Palmroos, Christian; Kouloumvakos, Athanasios; Vuorinen, Laura
- The multi-spacecraft high-energy solar particle event of 28 October 2021 (2024)
- Astronomy and Astrophysics
Kouloumvakos A, Papaioannou A, Waterfall C, Dalla S, Vainio R, Mason G, Heber B, Kühl P, Allen R, Cohen C, Ho G, Anastasiadis A, Rouillard A, Rodríguez-Pacheco J, Guo J, Li X, Hörlöck M, Wimmer-Schweingruber R
- The solar cycle 25 multi-spacecraft solar energetic particle event catalog of the SERPENTINE project (2024)
- Astronomy and Astrophysics
Dresing, N.; Yli-Laurila, A.; Valkila, S.; Gieseler, J.; Morosan, D. E.; Farwa, G. U.; Kartavykh, Y.; Palmroos, C.; Jebaraj, I.; Jensen, S.; Kühl, P.; Heber, B.; Espinosa, F.; Gómez-Herrero, R.; Kilpua, E.; Linho, V.-V.; Oleynik, P.; Hayes, L. A.; Warmuth, A.; Schuller, F.; Collier, H.; Xiao, H.; Asvestari, E.; Trotta, D.; Mitchell, J. G.; Cohen, C. M. S.; Labrador, A. W.; Hill, M. E.; Vainio, R.
- A Comparative Study of Ground-level Enhancement Events of Solar Energetic Particles (2023) Kocharov Leon, Mishev Alexander, Riihonen Esa, Vainio Rami, Usoskin Ilya
- A high-latitude coronal mass ejection observed by a constellation of coronagraphs: Solar Orbiter/Metis, STEREO-A/COR2, and SOHO/LASCO (2023)
- Astronomy and Astrophysics
Zimbardo G, Ying B, Nistico G, Feng L, Rodriguez-Garcia L, Panasenco O, Andretta V, Banerjee D, Bemporad A, De Leo Y, Franci L, Frassati F, Habbal S, Long D, Magdalenic J, Mancuso S, Naletto G, Perri S, Romoli M, Spadaro D, Stangalini M, Strachan L, Susino R, Vainio R, Velli M, Cohen CMS, Giacalone J, Shen M, Telloni D, Abbo L, Burtovoi A, Jerse G, Landini F, Nicolini G, Pancrazzi M, Russano G, Sasso C, Uslenghi M
- A type II solar radio burst without a coronal mass ejection (2023)
- Astronomy and Astrophysics
Morosan DE, Pomoell J, Kumari A, Kilpua EKJ, Vainio R
- Backstreaming ions at a high Mach number interplanetary shock : Solar Orbiter measurements during the nominal mission phase (2023)
- Astronomy and Astrophysics
Dimmock AP, Gedalin M, Lalti A, Trotta D, Khotyaintsev YV, Graham DB, Johlander A, Vainio R, Blanco-Cano X, Kajdic P, Owen CJ, Wimmer-Schweingruber RF
- Consistency of the average flux of solar energetic particles over timescales of years to megayears (2023)
- Astronomy and Astrophysics
Usoskin Ilya G, Koldobskiy Sergey A, Poluianov Stepan V, Raukunen Osku, Vainio Rami, Kovaltsov Gennady A
- Empirical forecasting models for peak intensities of energetic storm particles at 1 AU (2023)
- Advances in Space Research
Ameri Dheyaa, Vainio Rami, Valtonen Eino
- Energetic ion enhancements in sheaths driven by interplanetary coronal mass ejections (2023)
- Astrophysics and Space Science
Kilpua Emilia, Vainio Rami, Cohen Christina, Dresing Nina, Good Simon, Ruohotie Julia, Trotta Domenico, Bale Stuart D, Christian Eric, Hill Matt, McComas David J, McNutt Ralph, Schwadron Nathan
- Foresail-2: Space Physics Mission in a Challenging Environment (2023) Anger Marius, Niemelä Petri, Cheremetiev Kiril, Clayhills Bruce, Fetzer Anton, Lundén Ville, Hiltunen Markus, Kärkkäinen Tomi, Mayank M., Turc Lucile, Osmane Adnane, Palmroth Minna, Kilpua Emilia, Oleynik Philipp, Vainio Rami, Virtanen Pasi, Toivanen Petri, Janhunen Pekka, Fischer David, Le Bonhomme Guillaume, Slavinskis Andris, Praks Jaan
- Foresail - CubeSat platform and missions to higher orbits (2023)
- URSI General Assembly and Scientific Symposium: URSI GASS
2023 XXXVth General Assembly and Scientific Symposium of the International Union of Radio Science (URSI GASS) Praks Jaan, Niemelä Petri, Anger Marius, Fetzer Anton, Clayhills Bruce, Cheremetiev Kiril, Lundén Ville, Jovanovic Nemanja, Vainio Rami, Janhunen Pekka, Kilpua Emilia, Palmroth Minna
- Global Energetics of Solar Powerful Events on 2017 September 6 (2023)
- Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics
Li D, Warmuth A, Wang JC, Zhao HS, Lu L, Zhang QM, Dresing N, Vainio R, Palmroos C, Paassilta M, Fedeli A, Dominique M
- High Energy Solar Particle Events and Their Relationship to Associated Flare, CME and GLE Parameters (2023)
- Space Weather: the International Journal of Research and Applications
Waterfall Charlott OG, Dalla Silvia, Raukunen Osku, Heynderickx Daniel, Jiggens Piers, Vainio Rami
- Irregular Proton Injection to High Energies at Interplanetary Shocks (2023)
- Astrophysical Journal Letters
Trotta Domenico, Horbury Timothy S., Lario David, Vainio Rami, Dresing Nina, Dimmock Andrew, Giacalone Joe, Hietala Heli, Wimmer-Schweingruber Robert F., Berger Lars, Yang Liu
- Magnetic connectivity and solar energetic proton event intensity profiles at deka-MeV energy (2023)
- Advances in Space Research
Paassilta Miikka, Vainio Rami, Papaioannou Athanasios, Raukunen Osku, Barcewicz Suvi, Anastasiadis Anastasios
- Modelling the interaction of Alfvénic fluctuations with coronal mass ejections in the low solar corona (2023)
- Astronomy and Astrophysics
Sishtla Chaitanya Prasad, Pomoell Jens, Vainio Rami, Kilpua Emilia, Good Simon
- Multiple injections of energetic electrons associated with the flare and CME event on 9 October 2021 (2023)
- Astronomy and Astrophysics
Jebaraj IC, Kouloumvakos A, Dresing N, Warmuth A, Wijsen N, Palmroos C, Gieseler J, Marmyleva A, Vainio R, Krupar V, Wiegelmann T, Magdalenic J, Schuller F, Battaglia AF, Fedeli A