In this chapter, we discuss the operationalization of the concepts of imperialism and colonialism in Finnish parliamentary debates, from independence (1917) to EU membership (1995). Within this period, the two concepts appeared mainly during the 1920s, the 1970s, and the 1990s. Finnish parliamentarians viewed imperialism and colonialism mainly as outside observers, and portrayed them almost exclusively in negative terms. In their self-perception, Finland was not complicit in past or present global colonial or imperial structures. The concepts of empire, imperialism, colony, and colonialism entered the parliamentary vocabulary almost exclusively in reference to international developments and events, and reflected transnational intellectual currents and debates. The only clear domestic contexts were related to the class conflict (imperialism) and representations of intra-state regional inequality in debates concerning the exploitation of natural resources (colonialism). One of the most persistent ways in which imperialism manifested itself was the view on the left, emphasizing the capitalist foundations of imperialism. Finnish politicians also perceived imperialism and colonialism as ever-present dangers threatening small nations, and as ideas that had shaped the characteristics of international institutions from the League of Nations to the EU.