A1 Refereed original research article in a scientific journal

Decreasing Interface Defect Densities via Silicon Oxide Passivation at Temperatures Below 450 degrees C




AuthorsJahanshah Rad Zahra, Lehtiö Juha-Pekka, Mack Iris, Rosta Kawa, Chen Kexun, Vähänissi Ville, Punkkinen Marko, Punkkinen Risto, Hedman Hannu-Pekka, Pavlov Andrei, Kuzmin Mikhail, Savin Hele, Laukkanen Pekka, Kokko Kalevi

PublisherAMER CHEMICAL SOC

Publication year2020

JournalACS Applied Materials and Interfaces

Journal name in sourceACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES

Journal acronymACS APPL MATER INTER

Volume12

Issue41

First page 46933

Last page46941

Number of pages9

ISSN1944-8244

eISSN1944-8252

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.0c12636

Self-archived copy’s web addresshttps://research.utu.fi/converis/portal/detail/Publication/50704242


Abstract
Low-temperature (LT) passivation methods (<450 degrees C) for decreasing defect densities in the material combination of silica (SiOx) and silicon (Si) are relevant to develop diverse technologies (e.g., electronics, photonics, medicine), where defects of SiOx/Si cause losses and malfunctions. Many device structures contain the SiOx/Si interface(s), of which defect densities cannot be decreased by the traditional, beneficial high temperature treatment (>700 degrees C). Therefore, the LT passivation of SiOx/Si has long been a research topic to improve application performance. Here, we demonstrate that an LT (<450 degrees C) ultrahigh-vacuum (UHV) treatment is a potential method that can be combined with current state-of-the-art processes in a scalable way, to decrease the defect densities at the SiOx/Si interfaces. The studied LT-UHV approach includes a combination of wet chemistry followed by UHV-based heating and preoxidation of silicon surfaces. The controlled oxidation during the LT-UHV treatment is found to provide an until now unreported crystalline Si oxide phase. This crystalline SiOx phase can explain the observed decrease in the defect density by half. Furthermore, the LT-UHV treatment can be applied in a complementary, post-treatment way to ready components to decrease electrical losses. The LT-UHV treatment has been found to decrease the detector leakage current by a factor of 2.

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