This article explores the ideological frameworks of three ecofascist groups and a network of right-wing activists adopting environmentalist stances, focusing on Italy. Using online ethnography and analysing official programs and commentary, it employs political discourse analysis with qualitative thematic methods. The research demonstrates that strict ecofascists advocate dismantling the nation-state through insurrection, emphasizing anti-systemic approaches. In contrast, right-wing environmentalists favour authoritarian nationalism, seeking a ‘more sovereign’ state intensified by nationalist radicalization. This comparison highlights the distinct dynamics between ecofascist ideologies and broader right-wing environmental tendencies, shedding light on their contrasting approaches to environmental and political challenges.