A1 Refereed original research article in a scientific journal
Association of Picornavirus Infections With Acute Otitis Media in a Prospective Birth Cohort Study
Authors: Seppälä EM, Oikarinen S, Lehtonen JP, Neupane S, Honkanen H, Tyni I, Siljander H, Ilonen J, Sillanpää S, Laranne J, Knip M, Hyoty H
Publisher: OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC
Publication year: 2020
Journal: Journal of Infectious Diseases
Journal name in source: JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
Journal acronym: J INFECT DIS
Volume: 222
Issue: 2
First page : 324
Last page: 332
Number of pages: 9
ISSN: 0022-1899
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaa087
Abstract
Background. Human rhinoviruses (HRVs), human enteroviruses (HEVs) and human parechoviruses (HPeVs) have been linked to acute otitis media (AOM). We evaluated this association in a prospective birth cohort setting.
Methods. A total of 324 healthy infants were followed up from birth to age 3 years. Nasal swab samples were collected at age 3, 6, 12, 18, 24, and 36 months and screened for HRV and HEV using real-time reverse-transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Stool samples were collected monthly and analyzed for HRV, HEV, and HPeV. AOM episodes diagnosed by physicians were reported by parents in a diary. The association of viruses with AOM was analyzed using generalized estimation equations, and their relative contributions using population-attributable risk percentages.
Results. A clear association was found between AOM episodes and simultaneous detection of HEV (adjusted odds ratio for the detection of virus in stools, 2.04; 95% confidence interval, 1.06-3.91) and HRV (1.54; 1.04-2.30). HPeV showed a similar, yet nonsignificant trend (adjusted odds ratio, 1.44; 95% confidence interval, .81-2.56). HRV and HEV showed higher population-attributable risk percentages (25% and 20%) than HPeV (11%).
Conclusions. HEVs and HRVs may contribute to the development of AOM in a relatively large proportion of cases.
Background. Human rhinoviruses (HRVs), human enteroviruses (HEVs) and human parechoviruses (HPeVs) have been linked to acute otitis media (AOM). We evaluated this association in a prospective birth cohort setting.
Methods. A total of 324 healthy infants were followed up from birth to age 3 years. Nasal swab samples were collected at age 3, 6, 12, 18, 24, and 36 months and screened for HRV and HEV using real-time reverse-transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Stool samples were collected monthly and analyzed for HRV, HEV, and HPeV. AOM episodes diagnosed by physicians were reported by parents in a diary. The association of viruses with AOM was analyzed using generalized estimation equations, and their relative contributions using population-attributable risk percentages.
Results. A clear association was found between AOM episodes and simultaneous detection of HEV (adjusted odds ratio for the detection of virus in stools, 2.04; 95% confidence interval, 1.06-3.91) and HRV (1.54; 1.04-2.30). HPeV showed a similar, yet nonsignificant trend (adjusted odds ratio, 1.44; 95% confidence interval, .81-2.56). HRV and HEV showed higher population-attributable risk percentages (25% and 20%) than HPeV (11%).
Conclusions. HEVs and HRVs may contribute to the development of AOM in a relatively large proportion of cases.
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