A1 Refereed original research article in a scientific journal
Aquaculture changes the profile of antibiotic resistance and mobile genetic element associated genes in Baltic Sea sediments
Authors: Muziasari, Windi I.; Parnanen, Katariina; Johnson, Timothy A.; Lyra, Christina; Karkman, Antti; Stedtfeld, Robert D.; Tamminen, Manu; Tiedje, James M.; Virta, Marko
Publisher: OXFORD UNIV PRESS
Publishing place: OXFORD
Publication year: 2016
Journal: FEMS Microbiology Ecology
Journal name in source: FEMS MICROBIOLOGY ECOLOGY
Journal acronym: FEMS MICROBIOL ECOL
Article number: fiw052
Volume: 92
Issue: 4
Number of pages: 7
ISSN: 0168-6496
eISSN: 1574-6941
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/femsec/fiw052
Abstract
Antibiotics are commonly used in aquaculture and they can change the environmental resistome by increasing antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs). Sediment samples were collected from two fish farms located in the Northern Baltic Sea, Finland, and from a site outside the farms (control). The sediment resistome was assessed by using a highly parallel qPCR array containing 295 primer sets to detect ARGs, mobile genetic elements and the 16S rRNA gene. The fish farm resistomes were enriched in transposon and integron associated genes and in ARGs encoding resistance to antibiotics which had been used to treat fish at the farms. Aminoglycoside resistance genes were also enriched in the farm sediments despite the farms not having used aminoglycosides. In contrast, the total relative abundance values of ARGs were higher in the control sediment resistome and they were mainly genes encoding efflux pumps followed by beta-lactam resistance genes, which are found intrinsically in many bacteria. This suggests that there is a natural Baltic sediment resistome. The resistome associated with fish farms can be from native ARGs enriched by antibiotic use at the farms and/or from ARGs and mobile elements that have been introduced by fish farming.
Antibiotics are commonly used in aquaculture and they can change the environmental resistome by increasing antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs). Sediment samples were collected from two fish farms located in the Northern Baltic Sea, Finland, and from a site outside the farms (control). The sediment resistome was assessed by using a highly parallel qPCR array containing 295 primer sets to detect ARGs, mobile genetic elements and the 16S rRNA gene. The fish farm resistomes were enriched in transposon and integron associated genes and in ARGs encoding resistance to antibiotics which had been used to treat fish at the farms. Aminoglycoside resistance genes were also enriched in the farm sediments despite the farms not having used aminoglycosides. In contrast, the total relative abundance values of ARGs were higher in the control sediment resistome and they were mainly genes encoding efflux pumps followed by beta-lactam resistance genes, which are found intrinsically in many bacteria. This suggests that there is a natural Baltic sediment resistome. The resistome associated with fish farms can be from native ARGs enriched by antibiotic use at the farms and/or from ARGs and mobile elements that have been introduced by fish farming.
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