This chapter asks the following three questions: How have religions reacted to neoliberalism? Has neoliberalism altered the relationship between religions and the welfare state? What long-term consequences may changed welfare state–religion relations imply? While I acknowledge that the changes due to globalization and neoliberalism are by necessity situated in a particular historical and social context (cf. glocalisation, Robertson 1995), I still want to mention that I do claim that the national frame of reference, with its implicitly nationally path-dependent and methodologically nationalist reasoning, does not capture alone the transformation brought about by globalization and neoliberalism.