In this chapter the state of nursing science in Finland is introduced. First, we describe briefly the early years of the new discipline of nursing science in Finland. After that, we focus on the development steps of nursing science, and then we outline the main characteristics of the discipline of nursing science. Finally, we describe the development of nursing research and point out central research areas and the breadth and depth of nursing research in the Finnish context. We conclude this chapter with future perspectives. The aim of this chapter is to provide an overview of the establishment, development and current status on nursing science in Finland. This chapter will also serve as basis for other chapters related to Finnish nursing research in this book.