Upregulation of the mevalonate pathway by cholesterol depletion abolishes tolerance to N-bisphosphonate induced Vγ9Vδ2 T cell cytotoxicity in PC-3 prostate cancer cells
: Arkko S, Zlatev HP, Mönkkönen H, Räikkönen J, Benzaïd I, Clézardin P, Mönkkönen J, Määttä JA.
Publisher: Elsevier Ireland
: 2015
: Cancer Letters
: 357
: 1
: 279
: 285
: 7
: 0304-3835
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.canlet.2014.11.030
Zoledronate (ZOL) inhibits farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase leading to intracellular accumulation of isopentenyl pyrophosphate/triphosphoric acid 1-adenosin-5'-yl ester 3-(3-methylbut-3-enyl) ester (IPP/ApppI). Cytotoxic Vγ9Vδ2 T cells have been shown to recognize IPP/ApppI in breast cancer cells. Further, human breast cancer cells have been shown to differ remarkably in their ZOL treatment induced IPP/ApppI production and responses to that. In this communication we analysed the responsiveness of prostate cancer cells PC-3 and DU-145, Caki-2 renal carcinoma cells and U87MG glioblastoma cells to ZOL treatment, and the subsequent activation of Vγ9Vδ2 T-cell cytotoxicity. Of the cell lines tested, PC-3 cells were not susceptible to Vγ9Vδ2 T-cell cytotoxicity due to low activity of the mevalonate pathway and low amount of IPP formed. However, the resistance of PC-3 cells to Vγ9Vδ2 T-cell cytotoxicity could be abrogated by upregulation of the mevalonate pathway through cholesterol depletion.