A1 Refereed original research article in a scientific journal
Precision Measurement of the Proton Flux in Primary Cosmic Rays from Rigidity 1 GV to 1.8 TV with the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer on the International Space Station
Authors: M. Aguilar, D. Aisa, B. Alpat, A. Alvino, G. Ambrosi, K. Andeen, L. Arruda, N. Attig, P. Azzarello, A. Bachlechner, F. Barao, A. Barrau, L. Barrin, A. Bartoloni, L. Basara, M. Battarbee, R. Battiston, J. Bazo, U. Becker, M. Behlmann, B. Beischer, J. Berdugo, B. Bertucci, G. Bigongiari, V. Bindi, S. Bizzaglia, M. Bizzarri, G. Boella, W. de Boer, K. Bollweg, V. Bonnivard, B. Borgia, S. Borsini, M.J. Boschini, M. Bourquin, J. Burger, F. Cadoux, X.D. Cai, M. Capell, S. Caroff, J. Casaus, V. Cascioli, G. Castellini, I. Cernuda, D. Cerreta, F. Cervelli, M.J. Chae, Y.H. Chang, A.I. Chen, H. Chen, G.M. Cheng, H.S. Chen, L. Cheng, H.Y. Chou, E. Choumilov, V. Choutko, C.H. Chung, C. Clark, R. Clavero, G. Coignet, C. Consolandi, A. Contin, C. Corti, E. Cortina Gil, B. Coste, W. Creus, M. Crispoltoni, Z. Cui, Y.M. Dai, C. Delgado, S. Della Torre, M.B. Demirköz, L. Derome, S. Di Falco, L. Di Masso, F. Dimiccoli, C. Díaz, P. von Doetinchem, F. Donnini, W.J. Du, M. Duranti, D. D’Urso, A. Eline, F.J. Eppling, T. Eronen, Y.Y. Fan, L. Farnesini, J. Feng, E. Fiandrini, A. Fiasson, E. Finch, P. Fisher, Y. Galaktionov, G. Gallucci, B. García, R. García-López, C. Gargiulo, H. Gast, I. Gebauer, M. Gervasi, A. Ghelfi, W. Gillard, F. Giovacchini, P. Goglov, J. Gong, C. Goy, V. Grabski, D. Grandi, M. Graziani, C. Guandalini, I. Guerri, K.H. Guo, D. Haas, M. Habiby, S. Haino, K.C. Han, Z.H. He, M. Heil, J. Hoffman, T.H. Hsieh, Z.C. Huang, C. Huh, M. Incagli, M. Ionica, W.Y. Jang, H. Jinchi, K. Kanishev, G.N. Kim, K.S. Kim, Th. Kirn, R. Kossakowski, O. Kounina, A. Kounine, V. Koutsenko, M.S. Krafczyk, G. La Vacca, E. Laudi, G. Laurenti, I. Lazzizzera, A. Lebedev, H.T. Lee, S.C. Lee, C. Leluc, G. Levi, H.L. Li, J.Q. Li, Q. Li, Q. Li, T.X. Li, W. Li, Y. Li, Z.H. Li, Z.Y. Li, S. Lim, C.H. Lin, P. Lipari, T. Lippert, D. Liu, H. Liu, M. Lolli, T. Lomtadze, M.J. Lu, S.Q. Lu, Y.S. Lu, K. Luebelsmeyer, J.Z. Luo, S.S. Lv, R. Majka, C. Mañá, J. Marín, T. Martin, G. Martínez, N. Masi, D. Maurin, A. Menchaca-Rocha, Q. Meng, D.C. Mo, L. Morescalchi, P. Mott, M. Müller, J.Q. Ni, N. Nikonov, F. Nozzoli, P. Nunes, A. Obermeier, A. Oliva, M. Orcinha, F. Palmonari, C. Palomares, M. Paniccia, A. Papi, M. Pauluzzi, E. Pedreschi, S. Pensotti, R. Pereira, N. Picot-Clemente, F. Pilo, A. Piluso, C. Pizzolotto, V. Plyaskin, M. Pohl, V. Poireau, E. Postaci, A. Putze, L. Quadrani, X.M. Qi, X. Qin, Z.Y. Qu, T. Räihä, P.G. Rancoita, D. Rapin, J.S. Ricol, I. Rodríguez, S. Rosier-Lees, A. Rozhkov, D. Rozza, R. Sagdeev, J. Sandweiss, P. Saouter, C. Sbarra, S. Schael, S.M. Schmidt, A. Schulz von Dratzig, G. Schwering, G. Scolieri, E.S. Seo, B.S. Shan, Y.H. Shan, J.Y. Shi, X.Y. Shi, Y.M. Shi, T. Siedenburg, D. Son, F. Spada, F. Spinella, W. Sun, W.H. Sun, M. Tacconi, C.P. Tang, X.W. Tang, Z.C. Tang, L. Tao, D. Tescaro, Samuel C.C. Ting, S.M. Ting, N. Tomassetti, J. Torsti, C. Türkolu, T. Urban, V. Vagelli, E. Valente, C. Vannini, E. Valtonen, S. Vaurynovich, M. Vecchi, M. Velasco, J.P. Vialle, V. Vitale, S. Vitillo, L.Q. Wang, N.H. Wang, Q.L. Wang, R.S. Wang, X. Wang, Z.X. Wang, Z.L. Weng, K. Whitman, J. Wienkenhöver, H. Wu, X. Wu, X. Xia, M. Xie, S. Xie, R.Q. Xiong, G.M. Xin, N.S. Xu, W. Xu, Q. Yan, J. Yang, M. Yang, Q.H. Ye, H. Yi, Y.J. Yu, Z.Q. Yu, S. Zeissler, J.H. Zhang, M.T. Zhang, X.B. Zhang, Z. Zhang, Z.M. Zheng, H.L. Zhuang, V. Zhukov, A. Zichichi, N. Zimmermann, P. Zuccon, C. Zurbach
Publisher: Amer Physical Soc
Publication year: 2015
Journal: Physical Review Letters
Journal name in source: PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
Journal acronym: Phys Rev Lett
Article number: 171103
Volume: 114
Issue: 17
Number of pages: 9
ISSN: 0031-9007
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.114.171103
A precise measurement of the proton flux in primary cosmic rays with rigidity (momentum/charge) from 1 GV to 1.8 TV is presented based on 300 million events. Knowledge of the rigidity dependence of the proton flux is important in understanding the origin, acceleration, and propagation of cosmic rays. We present the detailed variation with rigidity of the flux spectral index for the first time. The spectral index progressively hardens at high rigidities.
Downloadable publication This is an electronic reprint of the original article. |