A1 Refereed original research article in a scientific journal
Human Hair in the Identification of Cocaine Abuse with Cantilever-Enhanced Photoacoustic Spectroscopy and Principal Component Analysis
Authors: Lehtinen J, Hirschmann CB, Keiski RL, Kuusela T
Publisher: SOC APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY
Publication year: 2013
Journal: Applied Spectroscopy
Journal name in source: APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY
Journal acronym: APPL SPECTROSC
Number in series: 8
Volume: 67
Issue: 8
First page : 846
Last page: 850
Number of pages: 5
ISSN: 0003-7028
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1366/12-06904
Abstract
In this study, a novel approach combining different techniques, including Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, photoacoustic spectroscopy (PAS) with an interferometric cantilever microphone, and principal component analysis (PCA) along with a proper data preprocessing procedure, have been used in the investigation of hair samples for cocaine abuse. Hair fibers from cocaine-overdose patients have been measured using a simple procedure involving cantilever-enhanced photoacoustic Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. In addition, a reference group of hair samples from subjects with no cocaine abuse has been measured. We present a first approach to discriminate the cocaine users from the reference group with the photoacoustic method and PCA. With proper data preprocessing methods, the two groups were successfully separated according to their spectra. The results were confirmed with two different classification methods independent of the principal component data analysis.
In this study, a novel approach combining different techniques, including Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, photoacoustic spectroscopy (PAS) with an interferometric cantilever microphone, and principal component analysis (PCA) along with a proper data preprocessing procedure, have been used in the investigation of hair samples for cocaine abuse. Hair fibers from cocaine-overdose patients have been measured using a simple procedure involving cantilever-enhanced photoacoustic Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. In addition, a reference group of hair samples from subjects with no cocaine abuse has been measured. We present a first approach to discriminate the cocaine users from the reference group with the photoacoustic method and PCA. With proper data preprocessing methods, the two groups were successfully separated according to their spectra. The results were confirmed with two different classification methods independent of the principal component data analysis.
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