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Hyperthyroidism and Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma in Thyrotropin Receptor D633H Mutant Mice
Tekijät: Holger Jaeschke, Henriette Undeutsch, Konrad Patyra, Christoffer Löf, Markus Eszlinger, Moosa Khalil, Meeri Jännäri, Kristiina Makkonen, Jorma Toppari, Fu-Ping Zhang, Matti Poutanen, Ralf Paschke, Jukka Kero
Kustantaja: MARY ANN LIEBERT, INC
Julkaisuvuosi: 2018
Journal: Thyroid
Tietokannassa oleva lehden nimi: THYROID
Lehden akronyymi: THYROID
Vuosikerta: 28
Numero: 10
Aloitussivu: 1372
Lopetussivu: 1386
Sivujen määrä: 15
ISSN: 1050-7256
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1089/thy.2018.0041
Tiivistelmä
Background: Constitutively active thyrotropin receptor (TSHR) mutations are the most common etiology of non-autoimmune hyperthyroidism (NAH). Thus far, the functionality of these mutations has been tested in vitro, but the in vivo models are lacking.Methods: To understand the pathophysiology of NAH, the patient-derived constitutively active TSHR D633H mutation was introduced into the murine Tshr by homologous recombination.Results: In this model, both subclinical and overt hyperthyroidism was observed, depending on the age, sex, and genotype. Homozygous mice presented hyperthyroidism at two months of age, while heterozygous animals showed only suppressed thyrotropin. Interestingly, at six months of age, thyroid hormone concentrations in all mutant mice were analogous to wild-type mice, and they showed colloid goiter with flattened thyrocytes. Strikingly, at one year of age, nearly all homozygous mice presented large papillary thyroid carcinomas. Mechanistically, this papillary thyroid carcinoma phenotype was associated with an overactive thyroid and strongly increased stainings of proliferation-, pERK-, and NKX2-1 markers, but no mutations in the hot-spot areas of common oncogenes (Braf, Nras, and Kras) were found.Conclusions: This is the first study to reveal the dynamic age-, sex-, and genotype-dependent development of NAH. Furthermore, the study shows that a constitutively active TSHR can trigger a malignant transformation of thyrocytes.
Background: Constitutively active thyrotropin receptor (TSHR) mutations are the most common etiology of non-autoimmune hyperthyroidism (NAH). Thus far, the functionality of these mutations has been tested in vitro, but the in vivo models are lacking.Methods: To understand the pathophysiology of NAH, the patient-derived constitutively active TSHR D633H mutation was introduced into the murine Tshr by homologous recombination.Results: In this model, both subclinical and overt hyperthyroidism was observed, depending on the age, sex, and genotype. Homozygous mice presented hyperthyroidism at two months of age, while heterozygous animals showed only suppressed thyrotropin. Interestingly, at six months of age, thyroid hormone concentrations in all mutant mice were analogous to wild-type mice, and they showed colloid goiter with flattened thyrocytes. Strikingly, at one year of age, nearly all homozygous mice presented large papillary thyroid carcinomas. Mechanistically, this papillary thyroid carcinoma phenotype was associated with an overactive thyroid and strongly increased stainings of proliferation-, pERK-, and NKX2-1 markers, but no mutations in the hot-spot areas of common oncogenes (Braf, Nras, and Kras) were found.Conclusions: This is the first study to reveal the dynamic age-, sex-, and genotype-dependent development of NAH. Furthermore, the study shows that a constitutively active TSHR can trigger a malignant transformation of thyrocytes.
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