A1 Refereed original research article in a scientific journal
From Vessel Sprouting to Normalization Role of the Prolyl Hydroxylase Domain Protein/Hypoxia-Inducible Factor Oxygen-Sensing Machinery
Authors: Coulon C, Georgiadou M, Roncal C, De Bock K, Langenberg T, Carmeliet P
Publisher: LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
Publication year: 2010
Journal: Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology
Journal name in source: ARTERIOSCLEROSIS THROMBOSIS AND VASCULAR BIOLOGY
Journal acronym: ARTERIOSCL THROM VAS
Volume: 30
Issue: 12
First page : 2331
Last page: 2336
Number of pages: 6
ISSN: 1079-5642
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1161/ATVBAHA.110.214106
Abstract
The accepted model of vessel branching distinguishes several endothelial cell fates. At the forefront of a vessel sprout, "tip cells" guide the sprouting vessel toward an angiogenic stimulus. Behind the tip, "stalk cells" proliferate to elongate the vessel branch and create a lumen. In mature vessels, endothelial cells acquire a streamlined shape to optimally conduct blood flow. For this purpose, endothelial cells switch to the "phalanx" cell fate, which is characterized by quiescent and nonproliferating cells aligned in a tight cobblestonelike layer. Vessel maturation also requires the recruitment of mural cells (ie, smooth muscle cells and pericytes). These cell fates are often altered in pathological conditions, most prominently during the formation of tumor vasculature. Given the essential role of hypoxia as the driving force for initiating angiogenesis, it is not surprising that the hypoxia-sensing machinery controls key steps in physiological and pathological angiogenesis. (Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2010;30:2331-2336.)
The accepted model of vessel branching distinguishes several endothelial cell fates. At the forefront of a vessel sprout, "tip cells" guide the sprouting vessel toward an angiogenic stimulus. Behind the tip, "stalk cells" proliferate to elongate the vessel branch and create a lumen. In mature vessels, endothelial cells acquire a streamlined shape to optimally conduct blood flow. For this purpose, endothelial cells switch to the "phalanx" cell fate, which is characterized by quiescent and nonproliferating cells aligned in a tight cobblestonelike layer. Vessel maturation also requires the recruitment of mural cells (ie, smooth muscle cells and pericytes). These cell fates are often altered in pathological conditions, most prominently during the formation of tumor vasculature. Given the essential role of hypoxia as the driving force for initiating angiogenesis, it is not surprising that the hypoxia-sensing machinery controls key steps in physiological and pathological angiogenesis. (Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2010;30:2331-2336.)
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