Thermal Optima and Tolerance in the Eurythermic Goldfish
(Carassius auratus): Relationships between Whole-Animal
Aerobic Capacity and Maximum Heart Rate
: Elizabeth O. Ferreira, Katja Anttila, Anthony P. Farrell
: 2014
: Physiological and Biochemical Zoology
: 87
: 5
: 599
: 611
: 13
: 1522-2152
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1086/677317
The wide thermal tolerance range of a eurythermic fish (goldfish,
Carassius auratus) was used to evaluate how temperature
performance curves derived from maximum heart rate (fH)
related to those for aerobic scope. For acclimation temperatures
of 12, 20, and 28C, optimum temperatures derived from
aerobic scope curves (Topt) were 19.9 0.4, 19.3 0.8,
and 28.70.8C, respectively. The Arrhenius breakpoint temperatures
(TAB) for maximum fH were 21.5 0.6, 23.8
0.9, and 24.6 0.5C, respectively. The TQB (temperature
where the incremental Q10 of maximum fH decreased abruptly
below 1.9) was 24.0 0.7 and 29.8 0.6C for the 12
and 28C acclimation temperatures, respectively, and was
within the Topt window (11.5–30.3 and 26.9–30.5C, respectively),
but TQB for the 20C acclimation temperature (27.3
0.6C) was higher than the Topt window (15.4–23.2C). Warm
acclimation increased the upper critical temperature (Tcrit; from
37.2 0.7 to 44.7 11.8C) as well as the temperature
that triggered a cardiac arrhythmia (Tarr; from 31.1 0.7 to
39.3 0.4C). In conclusion, we propose that maximum fH
and its associated rate transition temperatures (TAB, TQB, and
Tarr) can be used to estimate the upper thermal tolerance of
eurythermic as well as stenothermic fish independent of acclimation
temperature. All the same, great care is needed with
such evaluations. For the goldfish, while TAB and TQB were
always within the Topt window for 90% of maximum aerobic
scope and Topt was closely associated with TAB for 12C-acclimated
fish, TQB had the closest association after 28C acclimation,
and both TAB and TQB were above the Topt window after
20C acclimation.
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