A1 Refereed original research article in a scientific journal
Impact of intrauterine and post-natal nutritional determinants on blood pressure at 4 years of age
Authors: Normia Jonna, Laitinen Kirsi, Isolauri Erika, Poussa Tuija, Jaakkola Johanna, Ojala Tiina
Publication year: 2013
Journal: Journal of Human Nutrition and Dietetics
Number in series: 6
Volume: 26
Issue: 6
First page : 544
Last page: 552
Number of pages: 9
ISSN: 0952-3871
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/jhn.12115(external)
Abstract
Background: To prospectively study how the early nutritional environment
can programme blood pressure in a well-nourished population of children.
Methods: By means of multivariate modelling, we assessed whether gestational
and post-natal dietary intakes and growth influence childhood blood
pressure programming in a cohort of 109 healthy mother–child pairs. They
had been followed from early pregnancy until the children reached 4 years
of age. Dietary intakes were evaluated using 3-day food diaries. Blood pressure
levels in the children were measured using an automated oscillometric
DINAMAP ProCare 100 (Criticon, Tampa, FL, USA) at the age of 4 years.
Results: In the final multivariate model, the predictor variables of childhood
systolic blood pressure were maternal dietary carbohydrate and fat intake
during pregnancy, as well as childhood weight and dietary fat intake at
4 years of age. Systolic blood pressure levels in the children were found to
be positively associated with the maternal carbohydrate intake (P = 0.003),
whereas blood pressure levels were lowest in children exposed to the middle
tertile of maternal dietary fat intake during pregnancy (P = 0.003) and
whose own dietary fat intake was in the middle tertile at the age of 4 years
(P = 0.013). The model also showed that heavier children have a higher systolic
blood pressure (P < 0.001). None of the maternal clinical characteristics
fulfilled the criterion to be included in the model. The only
determinant underlying childhood diastolic blood pressure was childhood
weight at 4 years of age (r = 0.289, P = 0.026).
Conclusions: Interventions focusing on cardiovascular health in young
women during pregnancy and their children should be considered to reduce
cardiovascular diseases risk factors in these children.
Background: To prospectively study how the early nutritional environment
can programme blood pressure in a well-nourished population of children.
Methods: By means of multivariate modelling, we assessed whether gestational
and post-natal dietary intakes and growth influence childhood blood
pressure programming in a cohort of 109 healthy mother–child pairs. They
had been followed from early pregnancy until the children reached 4 years
of age. Dietary intakes were evaluated using 3-day food diaries. Blood pressure
levels in the children were measured using an automated oscillometric
DINAMAP ProCare 100 (Criticon, Tampa, FL, USA) at the age of 4 years.
Results: In the final multivariate model, the predictor variables of childhood
systolic blood pressure were maternal dietary carbohydrate and fat intake
during pregnancy, as well as childhood weight and dietary fat intake at
4 years of age. Systolic blood pressure levels in the children were found to
be positively associated with the maternal carbohydrate intake (P = 0.003),
whereas blood pressure levels were lowest in children exposed to the middle
tertile of maternal dietary fat intake during pregnancy (P = 0.003) and
whose own dietary fat intake was in the middle tertile at the age of 4 years
(P = 0.013). The model also showed that heavier children have a higher systolic
blood pressure (P < 0.001). None of the maternal clinical characteristics
fulfilled the criterion to be included in the model. The only
determinant underlying childhood diastolic blood pressure was childhood
weight at 4 years of age (r = 0.289, P = 0.026).
Conclusions: Interventions focusing on cardiovascular health in young
women during pregnancy and their children should be considered to reduce
cardiovascular diseases risk factors in these children.
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