A1 Refereed original research article in a scientific journal
Identification and Quantification of Avenanthramides and Free and Bound Phenolic Acids in Eight Cultivars of Husked Oat (Avena sativa L) from Finland
Authors: Multari S, Pihlava JM, Ollennu-Chuasam P, Hietaniemi V, Yang BR, Suomela JP
Publisher: AMER CHEMICAL SOC
Publication year: 2018
Journal: Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry
Journal name in source: JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
Journal acronym: J AGR FOOD CHEM
Volume: 66
Issue: 11
First page : 2900
Last page: 2908
Number of pages: 9
ISSN: 0021-8561
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jafc.7b05726
Abstract
Finland is the second largest oat producer in Europe. Despite the existing knowledge of phenolics in oat, there is little information on the phenolic composition of oats from Finland. The aim of the study was to investigate the concentrations of free and bound phenolic acids, as well as avenanthramides in eight Finnish cultivars of husked oat (Avena sativa L.). Seven phenolic acids and one phenolic aldehyde were identified, including, in decreasing order of abundance: p-coumaric, ferulic, cinnamic, syringic, vanillic, 2,4-dihydroxybenzoic, and omicron-coumaric acids and syringaldehyde. Phenolic acids were mostly found as bound compounds. Significant varietal differences (p < 0.05) were observed in the cumulative content of phenolic acids, with the lowest level found in cv. 'Viviana' (1202 +/- 52.9 mg kg(-1)) and the highest in cv. 'Akseli' (1687 +/- 80.2 mg kg(-1)). Avenanthramides (AVNs) 2a, 2p, and 2f were the most abundant. Total AVNs levels ranged from 26.7 +/- 1.44 to 185 +/- 12.5 mg kg(-1) in cv. 'Avetron' and 'Viviana', respectively.
Finland is the second largest oat producer in Europe. Despite the existing knowledge of phenolics in oat, there is little information on the phenolic composition of oats from Finland. The aim of the study was to investigate the concentrations of free and bound phenolic acids, as well as avenanthramides in eight Finnish cultivars of husked oat (Avena sativa L.). Seven phenolic acids and one phenolic aldehyde were identified, including, in decreasing order of abundance: p-coumaric, ferulic, cinnamic, syringic, vanillic, 2,4-dihydroxybenzoic, and omicron-coumaric acids and syringaldehyde. Phenolic acids were mostly found as bound compounds. Significant varietal differences (p < 0.05) were observed in the cumulative content of phenolic acids, with the lowest level found in cv. 'Viviana' (1202 +/- 52.9 mg kg(-1)) and the highest in cv. 'Akseli' (1687 +/- 80.2 mg kg(-1)). Avenanthramides (AVNs) 2a, 2p, and 2f were the most abundant. Total AVNs levels ranged from 26.7 +/- 1.44 to 185 +/- 12.5 mg kg(-1) in cv. 'Avetron' and 'Viviana', respectively.
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