A1 Refereed original research article in a scientific journal
Infant Feeding in Relation to the Risk of Advanced Islet Autoimmunity and Type 1 Diabetes in Children With Increased Genetic Susceptibility: A Cohort Study
Authors: Hakola L, Takkinen HM, Niinistö S, Ahonen S, Nevalainen J, Veijola R, Ilonen J, Toppari J, Knip M, Virtanen SM
Publisher: OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC
Publication year: 2018
Journal: American Journal of Epidemiology
Journal name in source: AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY
Journal acronym: AM J EPIDEMIOL
Volume: 187
Issue: 1
First page : 34
Last page: 44
Number of pages: 11
ISSN: 0002-9262
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/aje/kwx191
Abstract
Breastfeeding, age at introduction of foods, and food diversity in infancy were studied for associations with advanced islet autoimmunity and type 1 diabetes. During 1996-2004, a total of 5,915 newborns with human leukocyte antigen-conferred susceptibility to type 1 diabetes were enrolled in the prospective Finnish Type 1 Diabetes Prediction and Prevention Nutrition Study. Children were assessed at intervals of 3-12 months for the appearance of 4 types of islet autoantibodies and type 1 diabetes up to the age of 15 years. Survival models indicated the 3 variables of interest were not associated with advanced islet autoimmunity or type 1 diabetes in the cohort. Early introduction of solid foods was associated with increased risk of advanced islet autoimmunity in children up to age 3 years (for < 3 months vs. > 4 months, hazard ratio = 2.33, 95% confidence interval: 1.39, 3.91; for 3-4 months vs. > 4 months, hazard ratio = 2.18; 95% confidence interval: 1.38, 3.47) but not in longer follow-up (P for interaction = 0.046). Similar results were observed for age at introduction of roots, cereals, egg, and meat relative to risk of advanced islet autoimmunity. No consistent, long-term associations between infant feeding and advanced islet autoimmunity or type 1 diabetes were observed.
Breastfeeding, age at introduction of foods, and food diversity in infancy were studied for associations with advanced islet autoimmunity and type 1 diabetes. During 1996-2004, a total of 5,915 newborns with human leukocyte antigen-conferred susceptibility to type 1 diabetes were enrolled in the prospective Finnish Type 1 Diabetes Prediction and Prevention Nutrition Study. Children were assessed at intervals of 3-12 months for the appearance of 4 types of islet autoantibodies and type 1 diabetes up to the age of 15 years. Survival models indicated the 3 variables of interest were not associated with advanced islet autoimmunity or type 1 diabetes in the cohort. Early introduction of solid foods was associated with increased risk of advanced islet autoimmunity in children up to age 3 years (for < 3 months vs. > 4 months, hazard ratio = 2.33, 95% confidence interval: 1.39, 3.91; for 3-4 months vs. > 4 months, hazard ratio = 2.18; 95% confidence interval: 1.38, 3.47) but not in longer follow-up (P for interaction = 0.046). Similar results were observed for age at introduction of roots, cereals, egg, and meat relative to risk of advanced islet autoimmunity. No consistent, long-term associations between infant feeding and advanced islet autoimmunity or type 1 diabetes were observed.
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