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From Plants to Birds: Higher Avian Predation Rates in Trees Responding to Insect Herbivory
Tekijät: Mantyla E, Alessio GA, Blande JD, Heijari J, Holopainen JK, Laaksonen T, Piirtola P, Klemola T
Kustantaja: PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE
Julkaisuvuosi: 2008
Lehti:: PLoS ONE
Tietokannassa oleva lehden nimi: PLOS ONE
Lehden akronyymi: PLOS ONE
Artikkelin numero: ARTN e2832
Vuosikerta: 3
Numero: 7
Sivujen määrä: 8
ISSN: 1932-6203
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0002832
Tiivistelmä
Principal Findings and Significance: The predation rate was higher in the herbivore trees than in the control trees. This confirms that birds use cues from trees to locate insect-rich trees in the wild. The herbivore trees had decreased photosynthesis and elevated emissions of many VOCs, which suggests that birds could use either one, or both, as cues. There was, however, large variation in how the VOC emission correlated with predation rate. Emissions of (E)-DMNT [(E)-4,8dimethyl-1,3,7-nonatriene], b-ocimene and linalool were positively correlated with predation rate, while those of highly inducible green leaf volatiles were not. These three VOCs are also involved in the attraction of insect parasitoids and predatory mites to herbivore-damaged plants, which suggests that plants may not have specific adaptations to signal only to birds.
Principal Findings and Significance: The predation rate was higher in the herbivore trees than in the control trees. This confirms that birds use cues from trees to locate insect-rich trees in the wild. The herbivore trees had decreased photosynthesis and elevated emissions of many VOCs, which suggests that birds could use either one, or both, as cues. There was, however, large variation in how the VOC emission correlated with predation rate. Emissions of (E)-DMNT [(E)-4,8dimethyl-1,3,7-nonatriene], b-ocimene and linalool were positively correlated with predation rate, while those of highly inducible green leaf volatiles were not. These three VOCs are also involved in the attraction of insect parasitoids and predatory mites to herbivore-damaged plants, which suggests that plants may not have specific adaptations to signal only to birds.
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