A1 Refereed original research article in a scientific journal
The impact of first year adherence to antiretroviral therapy on long-term clinical and immunological outcomes in the DART trial in Uganda and Zimbabwe
Authors: Kiwuwa-Muyingo S, Walker AS, Oja H, Levin J, Miiro G, Katabira E, Kityo C, Hakim J, Todd J
Publisher: WILEY-BLACKWELL
Publication year: 2012
Journal: Tropical Medicine and International Health
Journal name in source: TROPICAL MEDICINE & INTERNATIONAL HEALTH
Journal acronym: TROP MED INT HEALTH
Volume: 17
Issue: 5
First page : 584
Last page: 594
Number of pages: 11
ISSN: 1360-2276
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3156.2012.02974.x
Abstract
Objectives To describe associations between different summaries of adherence in the first year on antiretroviral therapy (ART) and the subsequent risk of mortality, to identify patients at high risk because of early adherence behaviour. methods We previously described an approach where adherence behaviour at successive clinic visits during the first year on ART was seen as a Markov chain (MC), and the individually estimated transition probabilities between 'good', 'poor' and 'non-response' adherence states were used to classify HIVinfected adults in the DART trial into subgroups with similar behaviour. The impact of this classification and classifications based on traditional 'averaged' measures [ mean drug possession ratio (DPR) and selfreported adherence] were compared in terms of their impact on longer-term mortality over the 2-5 years on ART using Cox proportional hazards models. results Of 2960 participants in follow-up after 1 year on ART, 29% had never missed pills in the last month and 11% had 100% DPR throughout the first year. The poorest adherers by self-reported measures were more likely to have only none / primary education (P < 0.01). Being in the poorest adherence subgroup by MC and DPR was independently associated with increased mortality [ HR = 1.57 (95% CI 1.02, 2.42); 1.82 (1.32, 2.51) respectively]. conclusions Classification based on dynamic adherence behaviour is associated with mortality independently of DPR. The classifications could be useful in understanding adherence, targeting focused interventions and improving longer-term adherence to therapy.
Objectives To describe associations between different summaries of adherence in the first year on antiretroviral therapy (ART) and the subsequent risk of mortality, to identify patients at high risk because of early adherence behaviour. methods We previously described an approach where adherence behaviour at successive clinic visits during the first year on ART was seen as a Markov chain (MC), and the individually estimated transition probabilities between 'good', 'poor' and 'non-response' adherence states were used to classify HIVinfected adults in the DART trial into subgroups with similar behaviour. The impact of this classification and classifications based on traditional 'averaged' measures [ mean drug possession ratio (DPR) and selfreported adherence] were compared in terms of their impact on longer-term mortality over the 2-5 years on ART using Cox proportional hazards models. results Of 2960 participants in follow-up after 1 year on ART, 29% had never missed pills in the last month and 11% had 100% DPR throughout the first year. The poorest adherers by self-reported measures were more likely to have only none / primary education (P < 0.01). Being in the poorest adherence subgroup by MC and DPR was independently associated with increased mortality [ HR = 1.57 (95% CI 1.02, 2.42); 1.82 (1.32, 2.51) respectively]. conclusions Classification based on dynamic adherence behaviour is associated with mortality independently of DPR. The classifications could be useful in understanding adherence, targeting focused interventions and improving longer-term adherence to therapy.
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