Refereed review article in scientific journal (A2)
Molecular basis of normal and pathological puberty: from basic mechanisms to clinical implications
List of Authors: Argente Jesús, Dunkel Leo, Kaiser Ursula B, Latronico Ana C, Lomniczi Alejandro, Soriano-Guillén Leandro, Tena-Sempere Manuel
Publisher: Elsevier
Publication year: 2023
Journal: Lancet Diabetes and Endocrinology
Journal name in source: The lancet. Diabetes & endocrinology
Journal acronym: Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol
Volume number: 11
Issue number: 3
Start page: 203
End page: 216
ISSN: 2213-8587
eISSN: 2213-8595
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S2213-8587(22)00339-4
URL: https://doi.org/10.1016/S2213-8587(22)00339-4
Abstract
Puberty is a major maturational event; its mechanisms and timing are driven by genetic determinants, but also controlled by endogenous and environmental cues. Substantial progress towards elucidation of the neuroendocrine networks governing puberty has taken place. However, key aspects of the mechanisms responsible for the precise timing of puberty and its alterations have only recently begun to be deciphered, propelled by epidemiological data suggesting that pubertal timing is changing in humans, via mechanisms that are not yet understood. By integrating basic and clinical data, we provide a comprehensive overview of current advances on the physiological basis of puberty, with a particular focus on the roles of kisspeptins and other central transmitters, the underlying molecular and endocrine mechanisms, and the pathways involved in pubertal modulation by nutritional and metabolic cues. Additionally, we have summarised molecular features of precocious and delayed puberty in both sexes, as revealed by clinical and genetic studies. This Review is a synoptic up-to-date view of how puberty is controlled and of the pathogenesis of major pubertal alterations, from both a clinical and translational perspective. We also highlight unsolved challenges that will seemingly concentrate future research efforts in this active domain of endocrinology.
Puberty is a major maturational event; its mechanisms and timing are driven by genetic determinants, but also controlled by endogenous and environmental cues. Substantial progress towards elucidation of the neuroendocrine networks governing puberty has taken place. However, key aspects of the mechanisms responsible for the precise timing of puberty and its alterations have only recently begun to be deciphered, propelled by epidemiological data suggesting that pubertal timing is changing in humans, via mechanisms that are not yet understood. By integrating basic and clinical data, we provide a comprehensive overview of current advances on the physiological basis of puberty, with a particular focus on the roles of kisspeptins and other central transmitters, the underlying molecular and endocrine mechanisms, and the pathways involved in pubertal modulation by nutritional and metabolic cues. Additionally, we have summarised molecular features of precocious and delayed puberty in both sexes, as revealed by clinical and genetic studies. This Review is a synoptic up-to-date view of how puberty is controlled and of the pathogenesis of major pubertal alterations, from both a clinical and translational perspective. We also highlight unsolved challenges that will seemingly concentrate future research efforts in this active domain of endocrinology.
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