A1 Vertaisarvioitu alkuperäisartikkeli tieteellisessä lehdessä
Herbivory by an outbreaking moth increases emissions of biogenic volatiles and leads to enhanced secondary organic aerosol formation capacity
Tekijät: Yli-Pirilä P, Copolovici L, Kännaste A, Noe S, Blande JD, Mikkonen S, Klemola T, Pulkkinen J, Virtanen A, Laaksonen A, Joutsensaari J, Niinemets ü, Holopainen JK
Kustantaja: AMER CHEMICAL SOC
Julkaisuvuosi: 2016
Journal: Environmental Science and Technology
Tietokannassa oleva lehden nimi: ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
Lehden akronyymi: ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL
Vuosikerta: 50
Numero: 21
Aloitussivu: 11501
Lopetussivu: 11510
Sivujen määrä: 10
ISSN: 0013-936X
eISSN: 1520-5851
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.6b02800
Tiivistelmä
In addition to climate warming, greater herbivore pressure is anticipated to enhance the emissions of climate-relevant biogenic volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from boreal and subarctic forests and promote the formation of secondary aerosols (SOA) in the atmosphere. We evaluated the effects of Epirrita autumnata, an outbreaking geometrid moth, feeding and larval density on herbivore-induced VOC emissions from mountain birch in laboratory experiments and assessed the impact of these emissions on SOA formation via ozonolysis in chamber experiments. The results show that herbivore-induced VOC emissions were strongly dependent on larval density. Compared to controls without larval feeding, clear new particle formation by nucleation in the reaction chamber was observed, and the SOA mass loadings in the insect-infested samples were significantly higher (up to 150-fold). To our knowledge, this study provides the first controlled documentation of SOA formation from direct VOC emission of deciduous trees damaged by known defoliating herbivores and suggests that chewing damage on mountain birch foliage could significantly increase reactive VOC emissions that can importantly contribute to SOA formation in subarctic forests. Additional feeding experiments on related silver birch confirmed the SOA results. Thus, herbivory-driven volatiles are likely to play a major role in future biosphere-vegetation feedbacks such as sun-screening under daily 24 h sunshine in the subarctic.
In addition to climate warming, greater herbivore pressure is anticipated to enhance the emissions of climate-relevant biogenic volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from boreal and subarctic forests and promote the formation of secondary aerosols (SOA) in the atmosphere. We evaluated the effects of Epirrita autumnata, an outbreaking geometrid moth, feeding and larval density on herbivore-induced VOC emissions from mountain birch in laboratory experiments and assessed the impact of these emissions on SOA formation via ozonolysis in chamber experiments. The results show that herbivore-induced VOC emissions were strongly dependent on larval density. Compared to controls without larval feeding, clear new particle formation by nucleation in the reaction chamber was observed, and the SOA mass loadings in the insect-infested samples were significantly higher (up to 150-fold). To our knowledge, this study provides the first controlled documentation of SOA formation from direct VOC emission of deciduous trees damaged by known defoliating herbivores and suggests that chewing damage on mountain birch foliage could significantly increase reactive VOC emissions that can importantly contribute to SOA formation in subarctic forests. Additional feeding experiments on related silver birch confirmed the SOA results. Thus, herbivory-driven volatiles are likely to play a major role in future biosphere-vegetation feedbacks such as sun-screening under daily 24 h sunshine in the subarctic.
Turun yliopiston Tutkimustietojärjestelmän portaali