This chapter concerns the global Saemaul Undong (SMU – New Village Movement) that is based on South Korea’s rural development experience. It approaches global SMU projects as a process, rather than focusing on the targets and results of these interventions. Particular attention is paid to relational aspects between rural communities in countries of the so-called ‘Global South’ and South Korean development practitioners, including communication and consultation. Moreover, the impact of newly created organizations and roles on participatory local governance are discussed. The analysis is largely based on a narrative synthesis of empirical case studies, but also draws on semi-structured interviews that were conducted with South Korean scholars and development practitioners.