A1 Refereed original research article in a scientific journal
Polyunsaturated fatty acids and prostate cancer risk: a Mendelian randomisation analysis from the PRACTICAL consortium
Authors: Khankari NK, Murff HJ, Zeng C, Wen W, Eeles RA, Easton DF, Kote-Jarai Z, Al Olama AA, Benlloch S, Muir K, Giles GG, Wiklund F, Gronberg H, Haiman CA, Schleutker J, Nordestgaard BG, Travis RC, Donovan JL, Pashayan N, Khaw KT, Stanford JL, Blot WJ, Thibodeau SN, Maier C, Kibel AS, Cybulski C, Cannon-Albright L, Brenner H, Park J, Kaneva R, Batra J, Teixeira MR, Pandha H, Zheng W
Publisher: NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
Publication year: 2016
Journal: British Journal of Cancer
Journal name in source: BRITISH JOURNAL OF CANCER
Journal acronym: BRIT J CANCER
Volume: 115
Issue: 5
First page : 624
Last page: 631
Number of pages: 8
ISSN: 0007-0920
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/bjc.2016.228
Background: Prostate cancer is a common cancer worldwide with no established modifiable lifestyle factors to guide prevention. The associations between polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and prostate cancer risk have been inconsistent. Using Mendelian randomisation, we evaluated associations between PUFAs and prostate cancer risk.Methods: We used individual-level data from a consortium of 22 721 cases and 23 034 controls of European ancestry. Externally-weighted PUFA-specific polygenic risk scores (wPRSs), with explanatory variation ranging from 0.65 to 33.07%, were constructed and used to evaluate associations with prostate cancer risk per one standard deviation (s.d.) increase in genetically-predicted plasma PUFA levels using multivariable-adjusted unconditional logistic regression.Results: No overall association was observed between the genetically-predicted PUFAs evaluated in this study and prostate cancer risk. However, risk reductions were observed for short-chain PUFAs, linoleic (ORLA = 0.95, 95% CI = 0.92, 0.98) and a-linolenic acids (ORALA = 0.96, 95% CI = 0.93, 0.98), among men <62 years; whereas increased risk was found among men >= 62 years for LA (ORLA = 1.04, 95% CI = 1.01, 1.07). For long-chain PUFAs (i.e., arachidonic, eicosapentaenoic, and docosapentaenoic acids), increased risks were observed among men <62 years (ORAA = 1.05, 95% CI = 1.02, 1.08; OREPA = 1.04, 95% CI = 1.01, 1.06; ORDPA = 1.05, 95% CI = 1.02, 1.08).Conclusion: Results from this study suggest that circulating omega-3 and omega-6 PUFAs may have a different role in the aetiology of earlyand late-onset prostate cancer.
