This paper analyses Finnish disability policies from the early 1940s to 1970. It focuses on

the conceptualisation of work and citizenship in the discussions on the legal provision of welfare for

invalids and for the mentally deficient/developmentally disabled. It is shown that during this period, a

considerable change took place in the relationship of these concepts. During the period of 1940 to

the 1950s, work was viewed as an important civic duty. Accordingly, disability policies focused on

groups having the best chances of being rehabilitated into economically productive members of the

society. During the 1960s, policies

than on public gain and rehabilitation was extended into groups which had previously been viewed

as unprofitable targets. As every individual was viewed as entitled to participation and work was

understood as important for achieving this goal, its role changed from being viewed as a citizens

duty to their entitlement.