- MD 1982

- specialist in geriatrics 1990

- PhD 1995

- specialist in psychiatry 1996

- psychotherapist 2004

- training psychotherapist 2007

- adjunct professor 2012

- clinical lecturer at the university of Turku since 1997

My earliest interest in research was orthostatic hypotension in the field of geriatrics. Later on, after specializing in psychiatry, my research topics have been depression, psychosomatics and early psychosis.

I teach medical students and residents in psychiatry. During the last years, my main interest in teaching has been psychotherapy. I am the leader of the psychotherapy training for residents in psychiatry and adolescent psychiatry at the university of Turku.