A2 Vertaisarvioitu katsausartikkeli tieteellisessä lehdessä
Intestinal microbiome landscaping: insight in community assemblage and implications for microbial modulation strategies
Tekijät: Sudarshan A. Shetty, Floor Hugenholtz, Leo Lahti, Hauke Smidt, Willem M. de Vos
Kustantaja: OXFORD UNIV PRESS
Julkaisuvuosi: 2017
Journal: FEMS Microbiology Reviews
Tietokannassa oleva lehden nimi: FEMS MICROBIOLOGY REVIEWS
Lehden akronyymi: FEMS MICROBIOL REV
Vuosikerta: 41
Numero: 2
Aloitussivu: 182
Lopetussivu: 199
Sivujen määrä: 18
ISSN: 0168-6445
eISSN: 1574-6976
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/femsre/fuw045
Tiivistelmä
High individuality, large complexity and limited understanding of the mechanisms underlying human intestinal microbiome function remain the major challenges for designing beneficial modulation strategies. Exemplified by the analysis of intestinal bacteria in a thousand Western adults, we discuss key concepts of the human intestinal microbiome landscape, i.e. the compositional and functional 'core', the presence of community types and the existence of alternative stable states. Genomic investigation of core taxa revealed functional redundancy, which is expected to stabilize the ecosystem, as well as taxa with specialized functions that have the potential to shape the microbiome landscape. The contrast between Prevotella-and Bacteroides-dominated systems has been well described. However, less known is the effect of not so abundant bacteria, for example, Dialister spp. that have been proposed to exhibit distinct bistable dynamics. Studies employing time-series analysis have highlighted the dynamical variation in the microbiome landscape with and without the effect of defined perturbations, such as the use of antibiotics or dietary changes. We incorporate ecosystem-level observations of the human intestinal microbiota and its keystone species to suggest avenues for designing microbiome modulation strategies to improve host health.
High individuality, large complexity and limited understanding of the mechanisms underlying human intestinal microbiome function remain the major challenges for designing beneficial modulation strategies. Exemplified by the analysis of intestinal bacteria in a thousand Western adults, we discuss key concepts of the human intestinal microbiome landscape, i.e. the compositional and functional 'core', the presence of community types and the existence of alternative stable states. Genomic investigation of core taxa revealed functional redundancy, which is expected to stabilize the ecosystem, as well as taxa with specialized functions that have the potential to shape the microbiome landscape. The contrast between Prevotella-and Bacteroides-dominated systems has been well described. However, less known is the effect of not so abundant bacteria, for example, Dialister spp. that have been proposed to exhibit distinct bistable dynamics. Studies employing time-series analysis have highlighted the dynamical variation in the microbiome landscape with and without the effect of defined perturbations, such as the use of antibiotics or dietary changes. We incorporate ecosystem-level observations of the human intestinal microbiota and its keystone species to suggest avenues for designing microbiome modulation strategies to improve host health.
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